Proposed parameters of optimal central incisor positioning in orthodontic treatment planning: A systematic review
Sangalli Linda, Dalessandri Domenico, Bonetti Stefano, Mandelli Gualtiero, Visconti Luca, Savoldi Fabio,
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( Sangalli Linda ) - University of Brescia Dental School Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health
( Dalessandri Domenico ) - University of Brescia Dental School Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health
( Bonetti Stefano ) - University of Brescia Dental School Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health
( Mandelli Gualtiero ) - University of Brescia Dental School Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health
( Visconti Luca ) - University of Brescia Dental School Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health
( Savoldi Fabio ) - University of Hong Kong Faculty of Dentistry Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics
Abstract
Objective: Planning of incisal position is crucial for optimal orthodontic treatment outcomes due to its consequences on facial esthetics and occlusion. A systematic summary of the proposed parameters is presented.
Methods: Studies on Google Scholarⓒ, PubMedⓒ, and Cochrane Library, providing quantitative information on optimal central incisor position were included.
Results: Upper incisors supero-inferior position (4?5 mm to upper lip, 67?73 mm to axial plane through pupils), antero-posterior position (3?4 mm to Nasion-A, 3?6 mm to A-Pogonion, 9?12 mm to true vertical line, 5 mm to A-projection, 9?10 mm to coronal plane through pupils), bucco-lingual angulation (4?7° to occlusal plane perpendicular on models, 20?22° to Nasion-A, 57?58° to upper occlusal plane, 16?20° to coronal plane through pupils, 108?110° to anterior-posterior nasal spine), mesio-distal angulation (5° to occlusal plane perpendicular on models). Lower incisors supero-inferior position (41?48 mm to soft-tissue mandibular plane), antero-posterior position (3?4 mm to Nasion-B, 1?3 mm to A-Pogonion, 12?15 mm to true vertical line, 6?8 mm to coronal plane through pupils), bucco-lingual angulation (1-4° to occlusal plane perpendicular on models, 87?94° to mandibular plane, 68° to Frankfurt plane, 22?25° to Nasion-B, 105° to occlusal plane, 64° to lower occlusal plane, 21° to A-Pogonion), mesio-distal angulation (2° to occlusal plane perpendicular on models).
Conclusions: Although these findings can provide clinical guideline, they derive from heterogeneous studies in terms of subject characteristics and reference methods. Therefore, the optimal incisal position remains debatable.
키워드
Esthetics; Incisors; Cephalometrics; Occlusion
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